Those are the names of bushu's positions.
偏(へん HEN)左側 on the left side
例:略 → 田と各
旁(つくり TSUKURI means Content) 右側 on the right side
例:艶 → 豊と色、順 → 川と頁
冠(かんむり KANMURI means Crown) 上側 upper side
例:歩 → 止と少
脚(あし ASHI means Legs) 下側 on the bottom
例:志 → 士と心
垂(たれ TARE means to Hang down) covering upper and left parts
例:房 → 戸と方
繞(にょう NYô means to Surround) covering left and bottom parts
例:起 → 走と己
構(かまえ KAMAE means Gate) outer side
例:国 → 囗と玉